Category: Tree Farming

How To Start Sandalwood [Chandan] Tree Cultivation In India

Sandalwood tree farming images

Sandalwood [Chandan] Tree Cultivation Process and Profit Guide

Sandalwood trees are popular for its beautiful fragrance and its wood materials are used from centuries. In India, sandalwood tree also popular as a Chandan or Srigandha and it is the most expensive tree plant.

It is an evergreen tree and it is mostly used in cosmetic, therapeutic, commercial and medicinal. The maximum height of sandalwood tree is 13 to 16 meter and 100 cm to 200 cm girth. Sandalwood tree found in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Australia, Indonesia, Hawaii, and Pacific Islands.

  • sandalwood tree family: Santalaceae
  • sandalwood tree scientific name: Santalum album

Sandalwood tree images

In Indian tradition, Sandalwood trees are a special place and it used from cradle to cremation. It is also used in Cosmetics, Pharmaceutical, aromatherapy, soap industry, and perfumery so, the commercial value of sandalwood tree or oil is very high in the Indian market.

Sandalwood has many varieties and these different varieties are available in the worldwide. Basically, there are two famous varieties of sandalwood which have a very high commercial value in the market. Sandalwood leaves are also used for animal fodder.

 

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  1. Indian sandalwood
  2. Australian sandalwood

The Sandalwood trees are ready for harvesting after 30 years of cultivation. If you are using organic cultivation method then you can get the sandalwood tree in 10 to 15 years. In India, there are two sandalwood colors are available white, yellow, and red.

The best part of this sandalwood farming is that you can also grow sandalwood tree as an intercrop in Malabar Neem plantation.

 Sandalwood tree plant image

Sandalwood Tree Cultivation Details Required

If you are farmer or investor and planning for sandalwood tree cultivation then you can require proper climate, soil, land, plant selection, fertilizers, and irrigation. Before start cultivation, you must make proper project planning, calculate the expenses and profit, and note how much investment required for this cultivation.

Which type of climate required for sandalwood?

Sandalwood tree can almost grow in every type soil, climate and temperature. Sandalwood tree crop requires hot atmosphere and it grows better in humid climatic conditions.

Sandalwood tree cultivation also needs the temperature in between 12° and 35°C.  It is the perfect temperature for good growth of sandalwood tree.  At 600 and 1050 meters altitudes, this sandalwood tree plant grows well.

Soil Requirement of Sandalwood Tree Cultivation

If you are planning for the sandalwood tree cultivation then you may require well-drained soils which have a good organic object. The red sandy loam soils are also suitable for the sandalwood tree and you get the high yield crop.

A Soil test is must require for checking the nutrient requirements for the sandalwood plantation are present or not in the soil. Sandalwood tree cultivation requires pH of the soil in between 6.5 to 7.5 with a little bit of alkaline.

Before starting plantation of sandalwood tree plow the field until you get excellent tilth and weed free soil. Also, prepare the soil in such a way that the water in heavy rain or floods is easily come out from the drain.

Sandalwood cultivation process can be done by seeds and vegetatively through tissue culture.

Sandalwood tree farming images

Common Pests and Diseases in Sandalwood Tree Cultivation

Insect Pests Of Sandalwood

  • Defoliators
  • Calodia kirkaldyiNielson
  • Cardiococcus bivalvata(Green)
  • Eumeta crameri(Westwood)
  • Hotea nigrorufaWalker
  • Hyposidra talacaWalker
  • Nyctemera lacticinia(Cramer)
  • Purpuricenus sanguinolentus(Olivier)
  • Tajuria cippus(Fabricius)
  • Teratodes monticollis(Gray)
  • Toxoptera aurantii(Boyer de Fonscolombe)
  • Trabala vishnou (Lefèbvre)

Diseases of sandalwood

  • Pulvinaria psidii Mask
  • Coccid
  • Black Spot fungal
  • Phytoplasma
  • Phellinus noxius 

How To Plant Sandalwood Tree? 

In sandalwood tree cultivation sowing mainly done by the seeds. When sandalwood tree plants are 15 to 20 years old then in August to march you can collect the seeds from the sandalwood.

The collected seeds are well-treated and dried in sunlight before seminate on nursery beds. There are two types of seed beds are available in the nursery for the sowing sandalwood seeds.

  • sunken
  • raised beds

After in 7 to 8 months, a seedling grows up to 30 to 35 cm on nursery beds and they are ready for the transfer in the main field.

When you prepare soil or land for cultivation then at the same time also digging 45 x 45 x 45 cm size of a pit for planting the sandalwood seedlings.

Before planting the seedlings make sure any water will not stable in pits. If some water in pits then relinquishes the pits below the sunlight for some days. You must keep the 10 feet plant to plant distance. After four years of planting, you will get the flower on sandalwood tree.

sandalwood tree plantation in nursery

Where Did You Get Baby Plant?

If you do not want’s to grow this commercial crop from seeds, then purchased them from the market and plant them with a suitable method of sandalwood plantation. But, take care them while buying from the market.

In the market, there are many private and govt. nurseries are present, from where you can buy the baby sandalwood plants and can grow them in your field. But, purchasing them from a genuine source is a smart thing.

You can also buy the sandalwood baby plant through online.

How Much a Sandalwood Baby Plant Cost?

For growing sandalwood plants via planting sandalwood baby plants, they should be purchased from a genuine and certified source.

Generally, sandalwood plants are the most valuable plant in India but for commercial plantation, you have to plant more numbers of plants on your farm. Usually, a single baby plant cost up to Rs. 500 to Rs. 1000 per plant but for commercial plantation, you have to plant more numbers of plants on your farm, you can get a baby plant @ Rs. 100 from a genuine source.

Irrigation For Sandalwood Tree Cultivation

If you have limited water then you can use the drip irrigation method for sandalwood tree cultivation. In sandalwood cultivation crop require less water so, you can apply the drip irrigation in the interval of 2 to 3 weeks. Sandalwood tree young plants require irrigation only in hot and summer seasons they do not require irrigation in the rainy condition.

Sandalwood tree leaves photo

Fertilizers For Sandalwood Tree Cultivation

In sandalwood farming, you may choose to use the Bio-fertilizers, organic and chemical fertilizers for getting the high yield of a crop. You can also use any rotten farmyard manure (FYM).

  • Cow dung
  • Garden compost
  • Vermin-compost
  • Manure made from green leaves

The bio-pesticides made from the following materials and it’s used for the controlling any pests and diseases of sandalwood cultivation.

  • Chitrakmool
  • Neem (kernel, seeds & leaves)
  • Dhatura
  • Cow’s urine

Sandalwood tree flower and seed pictures

 Harvesting Time Of Sandalwood Tree

Sandalwood tree grows well and matures after 30 years from planting so, it will be ready for harvesting. In latest technology there are many tree cutting instruments are available in the market so you can use any instrument for harvest sandalwood tree. The heartwood of sandalwood trees are transferred into the mill and soft woods are removed.

By using some machine this hard sandalwood is transferring into powder. This sandalwood powder soaks in water for 2 days after it’s used for making oil and other cosmetic products.

Sandalwood tree wood harvest image

Sandalwood Tree Name And Productions Places

Sandalwood Tree Common Name In India

  • Safed Chandan
  • Chandan
  • Sandal and Sandalwood
  • Santalum album
  • ShiriGandha
  • Aninditha
  • Arishta Phalam
  • Bhadhrashraya
  • Sarpavasa
  • Chandrakanta
  • Gandhasara
  • Thailaparna
  • Malayaja

Sandalwood Tree Local Names In India

  • Chandan (Hindi)
  • Gandhapu Chekka (Telugu)
  • Cantana (Tamil)
  • Raktacandanaṁ (Malayalam)
  • Śrigandhada (Kannada)
  • Candana (Marathi)
  • Candana (Gujarati)
  • Canana (Punjabi)
  • Candana (Bengali)

Where sandalwood tree found in India?

  • Andhra Pradesh
  • Telangana
  • Bihar
  • Gujarat
  • Karnataka
  • Madhya Pradesh
  • Maharashtra
  • Tamil Nadu

Snadalwood Tree Varieties And Cost

Various Sandalwood varieties in World

  • Indian sandalwood (Santalum album)
  • Australian Sandalwood(Santalum spicatum)
  • Red sandalwood(Pterocarpus santalinus)
  • Santalum ellipticum
  • Santalum austrocaledonicum
  • Santalum freycinetianum
  • Santalum acuminatum
  • Santalum lanceolatum
  • Santalum haleakalae
  • Osyris lanceolata
  • Myoporum sandwicense
  • Adenanthera pavonina
  • Eremophila mitchellii
  • Myoporum platycarpum
  • Baphia nitida
  • Santalum obtusifolium

 What is the cost of sandalwood?

 The market price of sandalwood is in between Rs 3,000 to 6,000 per kg and sometimes it will be Rs 10,000 per kg.

Health Benefits of Sandalwood 

  • Sandalwood tree paste and its essential oil work as very effective anti-inflammatory agents.
  • Mostly, sandalwood trees are used for making perfumery products and deodorants.
  • Sandalwood tree oil is used for reducing stress and hypertension.
  • Sandalwood is mainly used in religious rituals in India.

sandalwood oil benefits for health

Benefits Of Sandalwood Oil

Sandalwood Oil Skin Benefits

  • Get Bright, Clean And Flawless Skin.
  • Cures Skin Infections And Itching.
  • Prevents Skin Aging.

Sandalwood Oil Health Benefits

  • Get Rid Of Inflammation.
  • Prevents Spasms.
  • Used As An Antiseptic Agent.
  • Boosts Renal Health.
  • Keeps Blood Pressure Under Control.
  • Say ‘No’ To Body Odor.
  • Great Health Tonic For Kids.
  • Drives Away Stress And Anxiety.
  • Fights Viral Infections.
  • Helps Boost Memory.

 

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Sandalwood Oil Miscellaneous Benefits

  • Keeps Bugs And Germs At Bay 

Sandalwood Yield Per Tree

If you are planning for the sandalwood tree cultivation then you will have a patience for wait its yield and profit because sandalwood tree takes a long time for growing to compare to any other trees.

Sandalwood tree wood photo

If you provide proper climate conditions, soil and irrigation to sandalwood tree so, per year it can grow 5 cm girth. Almost, You can get the 10 to 25 kg sandalwood tree wood depends on the tree growth.

Sandalwood tree growths are depending on the many factors.

  • Selection of land
  • Selecting the sandalwood spices
  • Host plant management
  • Irrigation management
  • Pest and disease control management
Age of Sandalwood Tree (in years). Girth (in cm). Hear wood yield (in kg).
10 10 1
20 22 4
30 33 10
40 44 20
50 55 30

Subsidy For Sandalwood Cultivation

There are many banks are available in India which provides the facilities of subsidy and loan to farmers for sandalwood tree cultivation. You can directly contact these banks for more current subsidy or loan information.

  • NABARD
  • NMPB (National medicinal plants board)

Sandalwood Plantation Cost And Profit

The profit and cost of sandalwood tree cultivation are depended on the market conditions and it will change year to year and region to region. Generally, in a one-acre land, you can grow the 400 to 440 sandalwood tree plants.

Sandalwood tree wood transfer in industry photo

Sandalwood tree cultivation costs depend on the many factors. In India sandalwood plantation cost per acre is 6,00,000 INR.

  • Plant cost
  • Labor cost of planting
  • Drip cost
  • Soil working
  • Weed control
  • Pests/disease cost

The Cost of sandalwood tree heart wood is 6,000 Rs/kg. From one acre land normally, you will expect 5000 kg yield of sandalwood crop.

After, 15 to 20 years total expected price is 5000 x 6,000 = 3, 00, 00,000 (3 crore).

Total cost/expenditure + other costs = 6,00,000 INR

6,00,000 + land cost per acre 20,00,000 INR = 26,00,000

Profit:  3,00,00,000 – 26,00,000 = 2,74,00,000/acre.

In the local market, these sandalwood trees are very demanded. So, you can get the good returns from this Sandalwood tree cultivation. This all information that is required for any farmer or investor to grow the sandalwood tree.

I hope I have covered the all informative details for the sandalwood tree farming. If you like this information then please gives your review in the comment box.

 

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Most Profitable Poplar Tree Farming In India Information Guide

Poplar tree farming in india

Poplar Tree Identification

Poplar tree is very popular tree plants and it is growing very fast so, any farmers can hope for to get the more profits in short time by good farming management. The Populus is a scientific name of a poplar tree.

Poplar farming is mainly done in the following countries.

  • Asia
  • North America
  • Europe
  • Africa

From some last decade, poplar trees are also grown in India for mercantile use.   Poplar tree is a deciduous tree and it is a genus of populous and belongs from the family Salicaceae. The Northern Hemisphere is a native of a different genus of populous.

In 5 to 7 years Poplar tree can approximately grow above 85 feet in height and 36 inches diameter. The average weight of poplar tree is 300 kg to 400kg.

Poplar Tree Uses In India

  • Wood
  • Plywood
  • Sports Goods
  • Match-splints
  • Pencils
  • Paper Industries

Various Poplar Tree Names In India

  • Paras-pipal
  • Parsipu
  • Porush (Hindi)
  • Gajashundi
  • Palaspipal
  • Poresh (Bengali )
  • Paras piplo (Gujarati )
  • Arasi (Kannada)
  • Cilaanthi
  • Prapparuththi
  • Pravaras (Malayalam)
  • Aashta
  • Paras-bhendi
  • Parosa pimpal (Marathi)
  • Poovarasam
  • Portung (Tamil)
  • Ganga Ravi (Telugu)

Poplar tree identification guide

What do you use poplar wood for?

  • Poplar tree is widely used for the manufacture of paper.
  • Poplar tree is also used for making matches, pallets, cheap plywood and boxes.
  • Poplar tree wood can be used for to produce chopsticks or wooden shoes.
  • The poplar tree Interest is using as a biomass or biofuel, energy forestry systems, large carbon mitigation potential, and fast growth.
  • Poplar tree is also used in Art and literature.
  • Poplar tree logs are also used for biocontrol of termites in crops.
  • It is also grown for the protect agricultural fields against the wind erosion.
  • Poplar tree wood is used in the manufacture of musical instruments such as guitars, drums, and violas.

Poplar Tree Plantation Project Report

Weather Required For Poplar Tree Farming

This poplar tree can grow mostly in temperate climatic conditions. Poplar tree can thrive optimum in between temperature of 5°C to 45°C areas in India. Poplar tree requires straight sunlight and sufficient moisture content in the soil. The Frost conditions are not well for the better growth of poplar tree.

Poplar Tree Soil Conditions

Poplar tree can grow well on rich loamy soils but this poplar tree farming is also suitable on well drainage clay loam and sandy loam. Poplar tree farming also requires soil pH in between 6 to 8.5. This soil PH is best for its excellent growth and quality. Poplar tree cannot grow well on heavy alkaline and saline soils so, avoid this types of soil for poplar farming.

Propagation Of Poplar Tree Farming In India 

The popar trees are grown from Kalam or softwood and hardwood cuttings method. But in this method poplar tree cannot thrive well. So, you should take the young plants from nursery and plantation them in a land.

Poplar tree leaves and seeds image

Poplar Tree Farming Land Preparation

Before Planting, you must prepare your land for poplar tree farming. You must plowed land for many times to make it weed free and tilth soil. If you are planning for intercropping also then apply some rotten manure at the land preparation time.

Poplar Tree Farming Seedlings

You should keep the young plants in chemicals and fungicides in a nursery before moving on to the main field to prevent from any pests and diseases.

  • You should also soak young plant 1 meter from roots in chlorpyriphos (250ml in 100 liters of water) for 10 to 12 minutes to avert any pest attack.
  • If you want to avoid any fungal disease from Seedlings then you should be placed young plants in Emisan -6 (200 grams in 100 liters of water) for 20 to 22 minutes.

Poplar tree farming in india

Planting of Poplar Tree Farming

In poplar tree cultivation planting time is very important. If plants are not planted in right time then planted may be 10% mortality. When you transfer seedlings from the nursery to main filed then directly placed in the storage pits which are filled with fresh water (2 to 3 days).  Generally, you can start planting in January.

Time of Plantation  Height of Plants
25th Dec to 15th Jan Above 5 meters.
15th Jan to 15th Feb  4 meters to 5 meters.
15th Feb to 10th Mar   3 meters to 4 meters.

You can put the poplar tree seedlings in 1 meter deep pits which have a 15 cm diameter. The pit top soils are filled with the 2 kg farm yard manure (F.M.Y), 25 grams of MOP and 50 grams of SSP mixture.

Note: Don’t fill the upper 10 cm of pits soil for its better watering survival.

Spacing Information For Poplar Tree Farming

Spacing Planting Type No.of.Plants/ha
5 m X 5 m With Inter Cropping 455
5 m X 4 m With Inter Cropping 560
6 m X 2 m With Inter Cropping 990
7 m X 2 m With Inter Cropping 907
8 m X 2 m With Inter Cropping 825
5 m X 2 m Only plantation 1190

Poplar tree farm photo

Poplar Tree Farming Intercropping  

You can be planting the poplar tree in the farm or field and also cultivate on the boundary of the farm. In poplar tree farming farmer can utilize the inner free space for intercrops cultivation and get the extra income.

  • Sugar cane
  • Turmeric
  • Ginger
  • Potato
  • Tomato
  • Coriander

Avoid intercrops crop

  • Paddy
  • Bajra

Fertilizers For Poplar Tree Farming In India

Years Month FYM/Plant Urea + SSP/Plant
1st June, July, Aug 8 Kg 50 grams
2nd June, July, Aug 10 Kg 80 grams
3rd June, July, Aug 15 Kg 150 grams
4th Onwards June, July, Aug 15 Kg 200 grams

Poplar Tree Growth Rate

Age (Years) Target (In Inches)
Ist Year 8 – 12
2nd Year 12 – 16
3rd Year 16 – 22
4th Year 22 – 28
5th Year 28 – 32
6th Year 32 – 36
7th Year 36 – 42
8th Year 42 – 48

Poplar tree bark photo

Poplar Tree Farming Irrigation System

Year summer season winter season
1st Weekly. 15 days.
2nd Weekly. 15 days
3rd 15 days Monthly
4th 15 days Monthly
5th 15 days Monthly
6th 15 days Monthly

Weed Control For Poplar Tree

If you do not control the extra weed from the field then they affect the poplar tree growth. You can apply the Herbicides on the land for control the extra weed around the poplar tree. You should must control the weed during the 1 to 2 years after planting. After the poplar tree well grown you not need to control the weed because it is automatically controlled by the shade of the trees.

Various Insects Of Poplar Tree Farming

The following are some common insects that are found in poplar tree farming.

  • Leaf-feeding Caterpillarsal
  • Leaf Beetles
  • Cottony Cushion Scales
  • Mealybugs
  • Scales
  • Poplar Petiolegall Aphid
  • Poplar-and-Willow Borer

Different Diseases in Poplar Tree Farming

The following are some common diseases that are found in poplar tree farming.

  • Canker
  • Dieback
  • Wetwood
  • Slime Flux

Reaping Of Poplar Tree Farming

After 5 to 7 years poplar tree grows well and it is ready for the pruning. The polar tree pruning is done by the cutting. You can use the saw for cutting the poplar tree. In latest technology there are many tree cutting instruments are available. Poplar tree pruning only done in winter seasons. After pruning immediately apply the Bordeaux paste on land.

Harvesting poplar tree from farm images

Poplar Tree Varieties And Production In India

Varieties of Poplar Trees In India

The following different varieties of poplar trees are best for the clay loamy soils.

  • W-22
  • G-48
  • A-26
  • S-7
  • W-39
  • W-32
  • W-101
  • W-109
  • W-81
  • S-7 C-15

Poplar Tree Farming In India

  • Haryana
  • Punjab
  • Uttarakhand
  • Western Uttar Pradesh
  • Himachal Pradesh
  • Jammu & Kashmir
  • Arunachal Pradesh
  • West Bengal

 

Types Of Poplar Trees

  • Hybrid Poplar Tree 

Hybrid poplars tree have an oval shape. You can plant this hybrid poplar tree where ever you need shade immediately. The hybrid tree height is 40-50 ft and this tree grows 8 ft in a single year.

Hybrid poplar tree in india

  • Tulip poplar Tree 

The Tulip Poplar tree is also known as surprise tree. This tulip poplar tree is of Small Stature. It is the Great for Small Yards and it has a Beautiful Flowers.

 Tulip poplar tree pictures

  • Lombardy poplar Tree 

The Lombard poplar tree grows up to 6 ft in single years. This Lombardy poplar is very easy to grow. The Lombard poplar is not a evergreens tree but it continuously provides the wind blockage and privacy.

Lombardy poplar tree identification

Poplar Tree Plantation Profits And Market Price

You can get the approximately 3600 to 4000 rupees per tree when poplar tree has 34 to 36 inches in girth, a height of a tree is 5 feet or 1.6 meters from ground level and 80 feet in height.

 

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The market value of the poplar tree mostly depends on the girth (diameter) of the tree.

If poplar tree cultivation is done on 1-acre land so there are 225 plants and you will get about 1000 to 1250 quintals which give you approximately about 5.25 to 6 lacs.

Girth (inches) Weight ( Qtl ) Rate / Qtl Value(Rs)
> 24 1.0 900 900
18 – 24 1.5 750 925
10 – 18 1.5 550 725

Poplar tree harvest wood image

In the local market, these poplar trees are very demanded. So, you can get the good returns from this polar tree cultivation. This all information that is required for any farmer or investor to grow the poplar tree.

I hope I have covered the all informative details for the poplar tree farming. If you like this information then please gives your review in the comment box

By Tree Farming , , , 4 Comments