Agriculture mechanization in Pakistan is limited to (tube wells) and mechanical technology which include tractorization with cultivator only. In Pakistan, due to lack tractors and tractor driven implements, threshers and of technology usage in agriculture sector, we face the bulldozers.
What is the early history of Agriculture in Pakistan?
Early history. Archeological evidence of an animal-drawn plough dates back to 2500 BC in the Indus Valley Civilization. All agricultural affairs and activities in Pakistan are overseen and regulated by the Ministry of Agriculture .
Which is the most agricultural province in Pakistan?
In Pakistan, the most agricultural province is Punjab where wheat and cotton are the most grown. Mango orchards are mostly found in Sindh and Punjab provinces that make Pakistan the world’s 4th largest producer of mangoes.
What is the fastest growing industry in Pakistan?
Aquaculture is also a rapidly developing industry in Pakistan. Especially the Punjab Province has demonstrated rapid growth in fish farming. GIFT Tilapia culture has also been introduced quite recently in Pakistan especially Punjab province. About only 4% of land in Pakistan is covered with forest.
What was the first land reform in Pakistan?
The first attempts at land reform in Pakistan occurred under Ayub Khan’s government, the West Pakistan Land Reforms Regulation 1959 (Regulation 64 of 1959).
How was agriculture mechanized?
Tractors pulled plows. They hauled loads and livestock. Perhaps most importantly, tractors towed and powered the new planters, cultivators, reapers, pickers, threshers, combine harvesters, mowers, and balers that farm equipment companies kept coming out with every season.
How did mechanization transform agriculture?
Mechanization freed workers up for urban jobs and increased both profits and productivity of farms by allowing farmers to work more land more efficiently with fewer workers. The first steps towards mechanization were to change from human powered farm activities to those driven by horses and other animals.
When did mechanized agriculture start?
Technological advances in the early part of the 20th century centered around mechanical innovation and improvements. Farmers were constantly looking for more efficient and reliable sources of power to run their farm operations. As a result, machines gradually replaced horses and mules on the farm.
How has mechanization helped the agricultural industry?
The level of mechanization has a significant positive impact on the cost, output value, income and return rate of all types of crops. For every 1% increase in the level of mechanization, the yields of all crops, grain crops and cash crops increase by 1.2151, 1.5941 and 0.4351%, respectively.
What is mechanized process?
the act or process of introducing machines into an industry or other area of activity in order to replace human labor: Hay loaders are another example of the increasing mechanization of agriculture.
What are the ways of improving agriculture through mechanization?
3 Ways to Improve Farm Mechanization in NigeriaReaching the Unreached: Farm Extension Workers. Agricultural extension services need to be set up to enlighten farmers who want to apply mechanization for all their farming operations to grow their productivity. … Local Machine Production. … Farm Mechanization Personnel Training.
Who invented agricultural mechanization?
Charles Hart and Charles Parr establish the first U.S. factory devoted to manufacturing a traction engine powered by an internal combustion engine. Smaller and lighter than its steam-driven predecessors, it runs all day on one tank of fuel.
What are most commonly mechanized operation in farming?
Current mechanised agriculture includes the use of tractors, trucks, combine harvesters, countless types of farm implements, aeroplanes and helicopters (for aerial application), and other vehicles.
What are the advantages of mechanized farming?
Advantages of Mechanized FarmingCrop production on a very large scale.It removes difficulty in farming.The used of improved seeds for better crop production.The introduction of irrigation makes water available for agricultural purposes throughout the year.It reduces the excessive use of manual labour.More items…•
Why farm mechanization is becoming more and more important?
Improvements in Agricultural Technology The use of mechanized irrigation has immensely improved crop production. It is a better way to ensure crops are supplied with enough water and plant nutrients when needed. The creation of ridges and beds are much accurately done with mechanization.
How does mechanized agriculture affect the economy?
Due to the migration of agricultural labor in non-farm sectors and increasing climate vulnerability , it is a great challenge to keep pace of food production for the exponential growth of population, especially in the developing countries. Hence, the main aim of this study was to examine the present status and impact of modern rice harvesting practices over traditional manual harvesting. In order to investigate the interactions between modern rice harvesting technologies and benefits of use, we reviewed overall scenarios of rice harvesting in the world along with identified problems due to present practices and the benefit of using modern technologies including precision agriculture. The major findings of this study were as follows: agriculture in most of the developing countries were characterized by low productivity due to less practice of modern technologies, less management of modern technologies, inadequate control of repeated crop losses due to natural calamities. Identified problems in traditional manual rice harvesting were: labor crisis at peak harvesting period, high harvesting cost as the traditional method was labor intensive and high labor wages, delayed harvesting due to the unavailability of labors, more grain/yield losses owing to the over maturity. Furthermore, identified benefits in modern rice harvesting practices were to save harvesting time, cost and labor involvement with reducing grain/yield loss and human drudgery. The further benefits were enhancing the income through custom hire services and creating a new employment opportunity in technology operation and maintenance. The results indicated that adoption of appropriate rice harvesting technology in the developing countries is urgently needed to increase the cropping intensity, crop productivity and economic emancipation through less inputs of time, labor and cost.
How does urbanization affect organic farming?
Urbanization and low productivity are real threats to the sustainability of organic farming. The adoption of farm machinery plays a vital role in overcoming these threats to ensure a sustainable and more profitable organic farming model. Farm machinery can also increase farmland yield and reduce the need for labor, although the requirement of significant capital investment often prevents small farmers from buying machinery. There is an increased need to comprehend all relevant elements associated with farming machinery procurement and service delivery. In this article, we provide insight into the impact of different variables of farmers on the adoption of agricultural equipment. A total of 301 organic farmers were surveyed in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. It was found that the most common machinery concerned herein are tube-well/pumps, tractors, tillage machinery, and thrashers/harvesters. Results from a multinomial probit estimation showed that farm machinery ownership is positively correlated with capital assets, civil infrastructure, alternative sources of power, and credit facility. The findings indicated that policymakers and stakeholders should not concentrate merely on short term planning, such as improving agricultural machinery’s adoption rate. Still, they should also strive to upgrade physical infrastructure and facilities and provide credit services to create an enabling environment that can empower the citizen in adopting large scale use of agricultural machinery for long term sustainability of organic farming.
The Agricultural Sector of Pakistan
Pakistan possesses one of the most diverse climatic zones, from extremely hot summers in the east (Punjab) to the freezing colds in the north (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit).
Seed Sector
Seeds play the most pivotal role in a country’s agricultural production but in Pakistan, it might also be the most neglected one. Following Independence, there was no major enactment or public/private sector establishment of any kind of seed corporation till 1976.
Irrigation System
One of the largest Irrigation systems in the world, encompassing multiple major reservoirs, barrages, canals, and streams, is now obsolete and inefficient. Seepage losses in lined and unlined canals are ramped up to 45.5% and 66%, respectively.
Plant Protection Aspect
One of the several causes behind the sharp decline in the cotton yield is insect attacks and insufficient plant protection measures against weeds. According to an estimate, insect infestations are responsible for the 20-40% annual yield and quality losses in Pakistan’s cotton production.
Post-harvest Losses
35-40 percent of the fruits and vegetables produced in Pakistan end up in post-harvest losses which according to the Asian Development Bank stands at a little more than $1 billion, annually. Substandard or no storage facilities, and inadequate care during handling and transport of perishable agricultural produce contribute to these heavy losses.
Livestock Sector
Technically, the livestock industry also comes under agriculture and some of you would be surprised to know that 60% of the GDP of the agricultural sector of Pakistan comes from livestock and not agronomical farming (crops and fruits).
Precision Agriculture
These were only the fundamentals of tuning an already present agricultural economy, but the developed countries, like in all other scientific fields, are way ahead of Pakistan in advanced farming practices.
What percentage of Pakistan’s GDP is animal husbandry?
According to the Economic Survey of Pakistan, the livestock sector contributes about half of the value added in the agriculture sector, amounting to nearly 11 per cent of Pakistan’s GDP, which is more than the crop sector.
What is the most important crop in Pakistan?
Pakistan’s largest food crop is wheat. As of 2018, Pakistan wheat output reached 26.3 million tonnes.
What is the fishing industry in Pakistan?
Fishery and fishing industry plays an important role in the national economy of Pakistan. With a coastline of about 1046 km, Pakistan has enough fishery resources that remain to be fully developed. It is also a major source of export earning. Aquaculture is also a rapidly developing industry in Pakistan.
How much of Pakistan’s land is forest?
Main article: Forestry in Pakistan. About only 4% of land in Pakistan is covered with forest. The forest of Pakistan are a main source of food, lumber, paper, fuelwood, latex, medicine as well as used for purposes of wildlife conservation and ecotourism .
How much wheat did Pakistan produce in 2005?
In 2005, Pakistan produced 21,591,400 metric tons of wheat, more than all of Africa (20,304,585 metric tons) and nearly as much as all of South America (24,557,784 metric tons), according to the FAO. The country had harvested more than 25 to 23 million tons of wheat in 2012.
How much sugar is produced in Pakistan?
Pakistan produced in 2018: 67.1 million tons of sugarcane (5th largest producer in the world, behind Brazil, India, China and Thailand); 25.0 million tons of wheat (7th largest producer in the world); 10.8 million tons of rice (10th largest producer in the world); 6.3 million tons of maize (20th largest producer in the world);
What is the main resource of Pakistan?
Pakistan’s principal natural resources are arable land and water . Agriculture accounts for about 18.9% of Pakistan’s GDP and employs about 42.3% of the labour force.
