The vast literature of agriculture productivity cannot be ignored because productivity plays a central role in agriculture and economic growth. Agri productivity is increased by increasing their determinants. Most of the Studies on estimating the total factor productivity are relatively huge in number than the other research works in relation to agricultural productivity determinants in the background of Pakistan. Different works done related to this topic have miscalculated total factor productivity; input measures are not correct. The literature on agriculture productivity includes Azhar (1991) who used the cross-sectional data obtained from WAPDA to judge the effect of improved varieties joint with farmer’s base of education on arable farm productivity. This study explains an outcome that improved the variety of wheat joint to the farmer’s education rising significantly farm productivity as in the hypothesis.
What is the contribution of Agriculture to Pakistan’s GDP?
In contrast to high contribution of agriculture sector to Pakistan’s GDP, a very meager amount of financial resources varying between 0.11 to 0.63% of agricultural GDP in last twenty year is spent on research and development (Figure 1).
How to increase agricultural productivity of your farm?
When it comes to increasing agricultural productivity the first thing each farmer does is buying special AG machinery. We mean, tractors, harvesters, cultivators, spreaders etc.
Why Pakistan’s water use efficiency in crop production system is low?
Water, being a critical input for agriculture sector is getting scarce but Pakistan’s water use efficiency in the crop production system is extremely low. Empirical evidence indicates that some of the best and most fertile lands have gone out of cultivation but food demand is continuously rising due to increase in population and per capita income.
How does automation increase agricultural production?
It increases agricultural production by creating relevant forecasts, scheduling fieldwork, and working in low visibility or at night with the same efficiency as at daytime. An automatic steering system for tractors is also an efficient way of increasing food production.
How can agricultural productivity be improved?
How to Improve Farming ProductivityImplementation of land reforms. For improving the production, land reforms are the first and predominant point. … Interplant. … Plant more densely. … Plant many crops. … Raised beds. … Smart water management. … Heat Tolerant Varieties. … Use nitrogen.More items…•
What steps should be taken to increase the agricultural production?
AnswerIrrigation Facilities.Institutional Credit.Proper Marketing Facilities.Supply of Quality Inputs.Consolidation of Holdings.Agricultural Education.Reduction of Population on Land.Provision of Better Manure Seeds.More items…•
What are the ways to improve agriculture?
Ways to improve agricultural productionImplementation of land reforms. Land reforms are the first and most important point for improving productivity. … Interplant. … Plant more densely. … Manuring. … Plant many crops. … Water use and soil management. … Sustainable agriculture. … Raised beds.More items…•
What is the key to improve productivity of farmers?
Irrigation Facilities: Crop productivity depends not only on the quality of input but also on the irrigation facilities. Therefore, canals, tube wells should be constructed to provide better irrigation facilities for the security of crops.
What are the ways to increase production on agricultural fields Class 9?
Answer: Multiple cropping and the use of modern farming methods are the two common ways of increasing production on the same piece of land. Multiple cropping involves growing more than one crop on a piece of land during the year. For example, farmers in the western parts of Uttar Pradesh practise multiple cropping.
What are the factors affecting agricultural productivity?
The general factors determining agricultural productivity are as follows:Pressure of Population on Agriculture: … Rural Environment: … Role of Non-farm Services: … Size of Holdings: … Pattern of Land Tenure:
How much did Pakistan spend on wheat in 2012?
To fund such reforms, the authors recommend that the Pakistani government shift spending from the domestic procurement, storage, and distribution of wheat, which amounted to 24.84 billion Pakistan rupees (PKR), about $255 million, in 2012/13.
Does Pakistan have a robust economy?
Pakistan cannot achieve robust overall growth without a boost to its agricultural and rural productivity and incomes, the authors write. That will require intensive efforts to manage land, soil, water, and energy more sustainably.
Will Pakistan’s growth be enough to eliminate poverty?
With growth comes the promise of reduced poverty, but growth alone will not be sufficient to eliminate poverty and its related problems in rural Pakistan. That will require dedicated attention to public services in the countryside—especially social safety nets and programs for health, education, community development, and women’s empowerment.
What is the importance of agriculture in Pakistan?
Agriculture is the lifeblood of Pakistan’s economy because it contributes about 18.5% to GDP, provides livelihood to 64% rural inhabitants and employs 38.5% of the total national labor force [1]. The sector has direct and indirect linkages with other sectors of the economy and plays a significant role in socio-economic development of the country. In contrast to high contribution of agriculture sector to Pakistan’s GDP, a very meager amount of financial resources varying between 0.11 to 0.63% of agricultural GDP in last twenty year is spent on research and development (Figure 1). This has made Pakistan net food importing country since 2013 and put additional burden of US$4.261 billion in first nine months of fiscal year 2019 [2]. Yield gap between average and progressive farmers is about 40%, which is even higher between research stations and farming communities (40 to 80%) [3]. Although we proudly announced that we are food self-sufficient in wheat, rice and sugar but biased policies (input subsidy and support price etc) towards these crops discouraged farmers to shift from low value to high value crops.
Why is private investment in agriculture so low?
The low private investment in agriculture sector is mainly because of wider gap between social and economic returns on innovation in agriculture sector. Contract farming and development of agro-industrial clusters (AIC) could be a viable option but contract farming is not sustainable if different stakeholders in the value chain do not have …
How does pesticide use affect food?
Injudicious use of chemical pesticide and fertilizer has adversely affected the natural resources like soil, water, air and quality and safety of food. High cost of production, low average yield and low quality produce are jointly providing space for imported products to occupy our local markets.
Is water scarce in Pakistan?
Water, being a critical input for agriculture sector is getting scarce but Pakistan’s water use efficiency in the crop production system is extremely low. Empirical evidence indicates that some of the best and most fertile lands have gone out of cultivation but food demand is continuously rising due to increase in population and per capita income.
What is low productivity in Pakistan?
Low productivity is one of the major issues that Pakistan’s economy has been facing for decades. This issue is affecting the output in every sector, including agriculture, manufacturing, trade, education, health and other services. Low productivity causes an increase in the cost of production, which reduces the profit of producers.
How does advanced machinery and technological adaptation increase the productivity of labour?
Advanced machinery and technological adaptation increase the productivity of labour and thus enable them to produce better quality goods in more quantity and less time. Unfortunately, our engineering sector does not produce hi-tech machines that could help industries in automating the production of goods and service delivery.
How does competition-based market economics improve productivity?
This better allocation of resources improves productivity. Mexico adopted it and as a result managed to improve productivity by 41% between 2003 and 2012 because of efficient allocation of resources.
Why did Japan have poor productivity growth after the 1990s?
On the other hand, research shows that poor productivity growth in Japan after the 1990s was because of misallocation of resources in the manufacturing sector. Given the market conditions and huge fiscal deficit that Pakistan is facing, adapting to the market economy system and restricting government role in economic affairs is perhaps …
Which is the least cost and most effective option for enhancing productivity?
Last but not the least, a market-based economy where entry into and exit from the market is easy, cost of doing business is low, financial sector is well developed and the system favours competition is perhaps the least-cost and most-effective option for enhancing productivity.
Why is the final product of a company produced at a higher cost?
As a result, companies often opt to continue with outdated inefficient capital, which ultimately hits labour productivity and thus final product is produced at a higher cost. This makes firms uncompetitive and they seek government protection for survival.
